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Spatial Analysis of Neuroimmune Interactions in Alzheimer’s Disease

Discover the power of Cell DIVE multiplexed imaging solution and AI-guided image analysis with Aivia to uncover neuroimmune interactions in brain tissue

Multiplexed Cell DIVE imaging of Adult Human Alzheimer’s brain tissue section demonstrating expression of markers specific to astrocytes (GFAP, S100B), microglia (TMEM119, IBA1), AD-associated markers (p-Tau217, β-amyloid) and immune cells such as CD11b+, CD163+, CD4+, and HLA-DRA+, clustered around the β-amyloid plaques. Alzheimers_brain_tissue_section_showing_astrocytes_microglia_immune_cells.jpg

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neurofibrillary tangles, β-amyloid plaques, and neuroinflammation. These dysfunctions trigger or are exacerbated by local immune responses. Therefore, understanding neuroimmune interactions with spatial context is crucial for elucidating AD pathogenesis. Here we utilize multiplexed imaging with Cell DIVE and AI-assisted spatial analysis using Aivia to study immune cells surrounding pathological hallmarks in AD.

Key Learnings

  1. Discover how multiplexed imaging with Cell DIVE can be utilized to map diverse cellular phenotypes in Alzheimer's tissue, including astrocytes, microglia, AD-associated markers, and immune cell types.
  2. Learn how AI-based analysis tools in Aivia can be leveraged to identify distinct neuro-immune interactions within AD brain tissue.
  3. Investigate the local β-amyloid plaque neighborhoods surrounded by specific astrocytes, microglia, and immune cell types.
  4. Understand the power of spatial analysis by studying how immune cell expression profiles differ significantly between regions near and far from β-amyloid plaques, highlighting varied immune dynamics.
     

Studying the Molecular Landscape using Multiplexed Imaging

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the result of a dynamic interplay among several key molecular factors, including dysfunctional neurons, resident immune cells, microglia, and various immune compartments. The complex and multifaceted interactions among these cellular players may drive the progression of AD, highlighting the importance of understanding the molecular landscape of AD for developing effective therapeutic strategies. 

Cell DIVE Multiplexed Imaging Solution combined with IF/IHC-validated antibodies from Cell Signaling Technology (CST), and AI-guided analysis using Aivia enables researchers to investigate the complex neuroimmune interactions, the spatial distribution of immune cells and their influence on AD neuropathology. Cell DIVE is an open multiplexing imaging solution with an iterative staining and dye inactivation workflow that allows imaging of dozens of biomarkers on a single tissue section. Furthermore, this workflow in combination with well-characterized antibodies and AI-guided analysis is crucial for multiplexed cell detection and investigating their co-expression patterns within AD brain tissue.

Overall, multiplexed imaging with Cell DIVE offers a valuable tool to map diverse cellular phenotypes in Alzheimer's tissue, including astrocytes, microglia, AD-associated markers, and immune cell types. By utilizing AI-based analysis tools in Aivia, researchers can identify distinct neuro-immune interactions within AD brain tissue. This enables the investigation of the specific astrocytes, microglia, and immune cell types that surround local β-amyloid plaque neighbourhoods. Through spatial analysis, researchers can understand how immune cell expression profiles differ based on proximity to plaques, highlighting the varied immune dynamics in Alzheimer's disease. These approaches provide valuable insights into the complex cellular and immune interactions in Alzheimer's brain tissue, helping advance our understanding of the disease and potentially identifying new therapeutic targets.

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