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Science Lab
Science Lab
The knowledge portal of Leica Microsystems offers scientific research and teaching material on the subjects of microscopy. The content is designed to support beginners, experienced practitioners and scientists alike in their everyday work and experiments. Explore interactive tutorials and application notes, discover the basics of microscopy as well as high-end technologies – become part of the Science Lab community and share your expertise!
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![Scheme of a 2D mosaic scan. Drosophila melanogaster (eye section) Scheme of a 2D mosaic scan. Drosophila melanogaster (eye section)](/fileadmin/_processed_/e/b/csm_Mosaic_Intro_04_b01aa513c6.jpg)
Mosaic Images
Confocal laser scanning microscopes are widely used to create highly resolved 3D images of cells, subcellular structures and even single molecules. Still, an increasing number of scientists are…
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Metallography with Color and Contrast
The examination of microstructure morphology plays a decisive role in materials science and failure analysis. There are many possibilities of visualizing the real structures of materials in the light…
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![An ID card which has been tampered with by counterfeiters who inserted a hologram. An ID card which has been tampered with by counterfeiters who inserted a hologram.](/fileadmin/_processed_/b/4/csm_2_ausgeschnittenes_holo_02_5fd4842a5b.jpg)
Is that Document Genuine or Fake? How do They Identify Fake Documents?
This article shows how forensic experts use microscopy for analysis to identify counterfeit, fake documents, such as ID cards, passports, visas, certificates, etc. Then they know if it is genuine or…
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![Brain section 12 μm, before dissection, objective 63x, stained with Toluidin blue. Brain section 12 μm, before dissection, objective 63x, stained with Toluidin blue.](/fileadmin/_processed_/0/9/csm_AVC_02_136f0dbef9.jpg)
An Introduction to Laser Microdissection
Laser microdissection is a highly selective process for preparing samples for DNA, RNA and protein analysis. It is a microscope-controlled manipulation technique for the precise separation of samples…
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Applications of Laser Microdissection
Laser microdissection and laser micromanipulation are suitable for gaining a differentiated insight into the function of genes and proteins, and are used for a wide range of applications in…
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Confocal Optical Section Thickness
Confocal microscopes are employed to optically slice comparably thick samples.
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![Fluorescence microscope image of a life-science specimen Fluorescence microscope image of a life-science specimen](/fileadmin/_processed_/e/1/csm_fluorescence-introduction_66887641b8.jpg)
An Introduction to Fluorescence
This article gives an introduction to fluorescence and photoluminescence, which includes phosphorescence, explains the basic theory behind them, and how fluorescence is used for microscopy.
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![Section taste buds rabbit, differential interference contrast microscope Section taste buds rabbit, differential interference contrast microscope](/fileadmin/_processed_/0/b/csm_Section_taste_buds_rabbit_DIC_microscope_94d764bd97.jpg)
Optical Contrast Methods
Optical contrast methods give the potential to easily examine living and colorless specimens. Different microscopic techniques aim to change phase shifts caused by the interaction of light with the…
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![Modulation contrast visualizes transparent, low-contrast specimens. Modulation contrast visualizes transparent, low-contrast specimens.](/fileadmin/_processed_/9/d/csm_Modulation_contrast_visualizes_transparent_low-contrast_specimens_3b140fa80d.jpg)
Integrated Modulation Contrast (IMC)
Hoffman modulation contrast has established itself as a standard for the observation of unstained, low-contrast biological specimens. The integration of the modulator in the beam path of themodern…